Introduction

Medical Channel Journal (MCJ) is committed to maintaining the accuracy, integrity, and reliability of the scholarly record. When errors or ethical concerns are identified in published articles, the journal takes appropriate action to correct the literature promptly and transparently. MCJ follows the recommendations and best practices of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) when handling corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions.

Corrections

A correction may be issued when a published article contains errors that do not invalidate the overall findings of the research but require clarification or amendment. Corrections may include:

• Errors in author names or affiliations.

• Minor inaccuracies in text, tables, or figures.

• Incorrect references or citation details.

• Typographical or production errors.

• Other factual errors that do not affect the scientific conclusions.

All corrections are linked to the original article to maintain a transparent publication record.

Expressions of Concern

The Editor may publish an Expression of Concern when there is credible evidence of potential research misconduct or serious ethical issues, but a full investigation is still ongoing. This notice informs readers of the concern while preserving the integrity of the scientific record until a final decision is reached.

Retractions

An article may be retracted if there is clear evidence of:

• Plagiarism or duplicate publication.

• Data fabrication or falsification.

• Unethical research practices.

• Serious methodological or analytical errors that invalidate the findings.

• Undisclosed conflicts of interest that compromise the integrity of the publication.

• Other forms of research or publication misconduct.

Retraction notices will clearly state the reason for the retraction and will remain permanently linked to the original article. The original article will remain accessible for the integrity of the scholarly record but will be clearly marked as Retracted.

Editorial Responsibility

The Editorial Board investigates all reported concerns fairly, confidentially, and objectively. Decisions regarding corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions are made based on available evidence and in accordance with COPE guidance, ensuring transparency and fairness for all parties involved.

Policy Commitment

Medical Channel Journal is dedicated to preserving the integrity of scientific publishing by correcting the scholarly record whenever necessary. The journal remains committed to ethical publishing practices and transparent editorial decision-making in accordance with internationally recognized publication ethics standards.